Why "WACO:"
Who Feared "the Davidian cult"?


Information from "Pilgrim's Rest"

-- Vance Ferrell Reporting

"The February 28, 1993 Waco shoot-out followed an eight-month investigation by the ATF and the Waco Tribune-Herald. We now know that Shirley Burton of the General Conference was instrumental in getting the investigation started. The following is taken from a book being prepared here:"

[The Davidians of Waco, by Vance Ferrell]

WARNINGS FROM THE GENERAL CONFERENCE

Shirley Burton, Director of Communications for the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, which is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, says that, the early spring of 1992, she warned government authorities that something terrible was going to happen at the Waco compound. She told them to go there and do something. Here are two reports, both of which originated in her office:

"February, March, and April, 1982: Wild rumors began to circulate in the media in California and Australia. I began soliciting and accumulating information on the group after a panic call very early the Saturday morning before Easter Sunday. Australian media had reported that Howell/Koresh/Jezreel had called for a suicide/martyrdom on Easter morning as a supreme sacrifice to God. Media exposure and law enforcement awareness seemed to have thwarted the plans. There was no apparent news of them thereafter." --Shirley Burton, "To Media Inquirers," March 2, 1993.

"The morning before Easter last year, Shirley Burton, spokeswoman for the Seventh-day Adventist Church, said she got a terrifying phone call. On the line was a church official in Australia, relaying a warning that the next day, an explosion of violence would occur in a Waco, Texas cult that included dozens of former Adventists. The man got the warning from parents of a cult member.

"The parents had just had word that there would be a 'suicide-massacre,' Burton said, adding that her mind filled with images of the 1978 murder-suicide of Jim Jones and 900 of his followers in Guyana.

"Church authorities tipped off Waco police and Easter passed without incident. But peace came to a bloody end this past Sunday, when sect members began a shoot-out with federal agents." --Washington Post, March 3, 1993.

It is of interest that both investigation teams began their work in 1992, within a month or two after the General Conference alerted federal, state, and local authorities.
"Last spring officials of the Seventh-day Adventist Church heard from colleagues in Sydney that the Branch Davidians were planning a mass suicide for Easter Sunday. About the same time the State Department got word from sources in Australia that Koresh's group was stockpiling arms and planning suicide. State passed it on to ATF, which began its investigation in June." -- Newsweek, March 15, 1993.


The Chicago-Sun-Times: September 19, 1997

"WACO: THE RULES OF ENGAGEMENT"
***½ (Not rated)
Order the Video

A documentary directed and edited by William Gazecki. Running time: 135 minutes. No MPAA rating (scenes of violence and corpses; unsuitable for younger viewers).

BY ROGER EBERT

Like many news-drenched Americans, I paid only casual attention to the standoff at Waco, Texas, between the Branch Davidians and two agencies of the federal government. I came away with the vague impression that the “cult,” as it was always styled, was a group of gun-toting crackpots, that they killed several U.S. agents, refused to negotiate and finally shot themselves and burned down their “compound” after the feds tried to end the siege peacefully with tear gas.

Watching William Gazecki’s remarkable documentary “Waco: The Rules of Engagement,” I am more inclined to use the words “religion” than “cult,” and “church center” than “compound.” Yes, the Branch Davidians had some strange beliefs, but no weirder than those held by many other religions. And it is pretty clear, on the basis of this film, that the original raid was staged as a publicity stunt, and the final raid was a government riot--a tragedy caused by uniformed boys with toys.

Of course I am aware that “Waco” argues its point of view, and that there is no doubt another case to be made. What is remarkable, watching the film, is to realize that the federal case has not been made. Evidence has been “lost,” files and reports have disappeared,” tapes have been returned blank, participants have not testified and the “crime scene,” as a Texas Ranger indignantly testifies, was not preserved for investigation, but razed to the ground by the FBI-presumably to destroy evidence.

The film is persuasive because:

  1. It presents testimony from both sides, and shies away from cheap shots. We feel we are seeing a fair attempt to deal with the facts.
  2. Those who attack the government are not simply lawyers for the Branch Davidians or muckraking authors (although they are represented) but also solid middle-American types like the county sheriff, the district Texas Rangers, the FBI photographer on the scene, and the man who developed and patented some of the equipment used by the FBI itself to film devastating footage that appears to show its agents firing into the buildings--even though the FBI insists it did not fire a single shot.
  3. The eyes of the witnesses. We all have built-in truth detectors, and although it is certainly possible for us to be deceived, there is a human instinct that is hard to fool. Those who argue against the government in this film seem to be telling the truth, and their eyes seem to reflect inner visions of what they believe happened, or saw happen. Most of the government defenders including an FBI spokesman and Attorney General Janet Reno, seem to be following rehearsed scripts and repeating cant phrases. Reno comes across particularly badly: Either she was misled by the FBI and her aides, or she was completely out of touch with what was happening.

If the film is to be believed, the Branch Davidians were a harmless if controversial group of religious zealots, their beliefs stretching back many decades, who were singled out for attention by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms for offenses, real or contrived, involving the possession of firearms-- which is far from illegal in Texas. The ATF hoped by raiding the group to repair its tarnished image. And when four of its agents, and several Davidians, were killed in a misguided raid, they played cover-up and turned the case over to the FBI, which mishandled it even more spectacularly.

What is clear, no matter which side you believe, is that during the final deadly FBI raid on the buildings, a toxic and flammable gas was pumped into the compound even though women and children were inside. “Tear gas” sounds innocent, but this type of gas could undergo a chemical transformation into cyanide, and there is a pitiful shot of an 8-year-old child’s body bent double, backward, by the muscular contractions caused by cyanide.

What comes through strongly is the sense that the attackers were “boys with toys.” The film says many of the troops were thrilled to get their hands on real tanks. Some of the law-enforcement types were itching to “stop standing around.” One SWAT team member boasts he is “honed to kill.” Nancy Sinatra’s “These Boots Are Made For Walking” was blasted over loudspeakers to deprive those inside of sleep (the memory of that harebrained operation must still fill the agents with shame).

When the time came, on April 19, 1993, the agents were apparently ready to rock ‘n’ roll. Heat-sensitive films taken by the FBI and interpreted by experts seem to show FBI agents firing into the compound, firing on an escape route after the fires were started, and deliberately operating on the side of the compound hidden from the view of the press. No evidence is presented that those inside started fires or shot themselves. Although many dead Davidians were indeed found with gunshot wounds, all of the bullets and other evidence has been impounded by the FBI.

Whatever happened at Waco, these facts remain: It is not against the law to hold irregular religious beliefs. It is not illegal to hold and trade firearms. It is legal to defend your own home against armed assault, if that assault is illegal. It is impossible to see this film without reflecting that the federal government, from the top down, treated the Branch Davidians as if those rights did not apply.


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